linux

                        introduction to linux

so today we are going to learn how to start working on linux distro. We will be working with lot of stuffs like file managing ,application managing ,security,troubleshooting and much more but not all in one window i will keep uploading the respective pages so stay tuned and enjoy learning.... :)

first prerequisite to start for this certification is that you should have the willingness to learn and implement..

                                       knowing basic

so first you should know the type of linux shell u r working with...

bash - the most common and can say the default shell in most of the linux distro..

and many others are:-
bsh,tcsh,csh,ksh,zsh... but important to know them now...

now we will work with internal and external commands built in shell.

xterm: is a program to start terminal for windows X emulator...
similarly u can find a list of terminal that u can work with here..

root$cd\ : to go to the root directory

root$cd~: to go to the root directory

root$cd Desktop
root\Desktop$ : entered  a directory

root\Desktop$cd ..

root$ : get out of a directory

root$ pwd: print the address of the current working directory

root$ time pwd: time taken by the system to execute the pwd command is displayed.. for example..

root$ time pwd abc.txt

real 0m0.000s

user 0m0.000s

sys 0m0.000s

user- user (CPU) time

sys- system time

real - summation of the two.

root$exec qbittorrent: it starts the bit torrent application exec its to start a program.

root$echo hello

hello

echo repeats the string that is input in the terminal its benifit will be shared in subsequent tutorial

root$set

set is a intersesting command which allows to you to do several bash operations.

root$exit: to exit from the shell.

root$logout:to log out from the shell you where already logged in/terminate the logged in  shell.

there are several commands available.. but the above mentioned are used in daily basis.

There are several external as well as internal commands available ,and some of them are same.In those cases the internal command presides the external command for example:

root$ /bin/pwd

root$pwd

is same... it itself takes up the path that is defined in the external command..

some tricks to remember...

linux provide with shortcut keys one of such is tab bar. In the command prompt just type the starting letters of the word and press tab it will auto complete the word on again pressing it will show the list of all available words...
for example:

root$typ<------tab bar press
root$type<--------tab bar press
root$type
type typeset

root$history :        it allows u to see the list of all the commands u have used till date with the count..
history can be found if using bash at "~/bash_history"upward arrow is used to see the previously typed commands.
root$!(number) :   type the command line number and that command will be executed..ex: $!200
root$history -c  :   to clear history it is most important when ur command line contains password of                                    some sort and u dont want anyone to sneek around through ur history     

CRTL+P                :for upward lookup 
CRTL+N               :for downward lookup in history..
CRTL+R               :for reverse search... 
CRTL+S               :for forward search if overshot  a search
CRTL+G or C      :to stop the search
CRTL+A              :for moving the cursor to the start of the line
CRTL+E              :for moving the cursor to the end of the line
CRTL+B              :for moving backward in a line
CRTL+F               :for moving forward in a line
CRTL+D              :delete a character under the cursor whereas "backspace" deletes the character                                        before the cursor
CRTL+K              :deletes all the character from the one under the cursor till the end
CRTL+X then backspace :   deletes all the character
CRTL+T              :transpose the character under the cursor with the one before it.
Esc then U           :change of case of the character under the cursor and after it.

if still u are not comfortable and want a editor to write command then CRTL X then CRTL E it will start a $EDITOR environment..

these are the basic command u need to know but still if u want to know more u can still find lot of commands for bash in the manual just type :root$man (type name of which u need info)

thats all for today have a good day ....!!!